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Simulators  -> Endoscopy   -> Laparoscopy  -> Gall Bladders
- Highly realistic - the image through the laparoscope, and the tissue response to cutting and dissection is convincing. This provides trainees with precisely what they would experience in an operating theatre
- 4 variations available in the range of Gall Bladders provide increased levels of difficulty and the element of surprise to be introduced. This is almost impossible to achieve when using animal tissue
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Gall bladder variations available are:
- Normal anatomy
- Bifurcated cystic artery
- Short cystic duct
- Wide common bile duct & stones for exploration
- When running a course, the used component can be removed and replaced with a new one in seconds
- All vessels and gall bladder are fluid filled
- Incorporates a luer lock to which a drip system may be attached to provide fluid flow for the cystic artery
- Incision and dissection of the visceral peritoneal layer
- Division and mobilisation of vessels
- Ligation of cystic artery and cystic duct
- Removal of gall bladder
- Visualisation and recognition of anatomical landmarks and organ variations
- All the skills defined for the Surgical Dissection Pad, but in the context of performing them on an organ
- Cholangiogram catheter insertion and stone retrieval